上課筆記:

main idea 原文1/5

ex：Unit 4 p.61, p.67的橘框

caption

「no man is an island entire of itself； every manis a piece of the continent, a part of the main」； if a clod be washed away by the sea, Europe us the less,as well as if a promontory were, as well as any manner of thy friends or of thine own were； any man’s death diminishes me, because I am involved in mankind. And therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls；it tolls for thee.

extinguish(er) 滅火器

diminish/darkny

海明威John Done

字根字首：

1. primate： Ecclesiastical. an archbishop or bishop ranking first among the bishops of a province or country

Ex： If not careful in its usual place up in the trees, this primate often wound up as an owl's midnight feast.

prior： preceding in importance or privilege

Ex： These appointees rarely had prior experience in postal service and mail delivery.

primitive： being the first or earliest of the kind or in existence, especially in an early age of the world

Ex： Ancient forms of tattoo removal included primitive dermabrasion-scraping the skin with rough surfaces, such as sandpaper.

privilege： a right, immunity, or benefit enjoyed only by a person beyond the advantages of most

Ex： Uncomfortable in a world of privilege, a novelist headed for the hills.

2. intersection： a place where two or more roads meet, especially when at least one is a major highway

Ex： Cross the bridge and walk straight ahead to the intersection.

interfere： to take part in the affairs of others

Ex： They're quick enough to not interfere with your regular sleep pattern or make you feel groggy afterwards.

intercept： to stop or check

Ex： The mandate would include being able to intercept and unscramble encrypted messages.

interrupt： to cause or make a break in the continuity or uniformity of

Ex： Her cries are the only sounds to interrupt the otherwise quiet countryside.

3. disability： lack of adequate power,  strength,  or physical or mental ability

Ex： Most people will experience a physical or mental disability during their lifetimes.

disclose： to make known

Ex： I'd suggest posting this in the beta forums...you're not suppose to disclose that information here.

dissuade： to deter by advice or persuasion

Ex： Don't let the fact that they're free dissuade you from trying them.

dismiss： to direct to disperse or go

Ex： It's easy to dismiss all attempts to put oneself at a remove from the subject of a story.

4. miniature： a representation or image of something on a small or reduced scale

Ex： It was a little miniature thing,  not good for cooking much of anything.

creature： an animal,  especially a nonhuman

Ex： It's certainly not a kind or sweet thing to do to a creature.

nature： the material world, especially as surrounding humankind and existing independently of human activities

Ex： It is the fundamental tool by which nature adds flavor,  color,  mood to the variety of our daily experience.

furniture： the movable articles,  as tables,  chairs,  desks or cabinets,  required for use or ornament in a house,  office,  or the like

Ex： These used to be thriving places,  where people bought furniture and other household goods.

5. instinctively： of,  relating to,  or of the nature of instinct

Ex： Most persons who have known and liked horses, instinctively say the horse who, and the horse he or she.

ultimately： ending a process or series

Ex： The jury foreperson told the judge the panel could not ultimately reach a verdict on the three remaining counts.

eventually： finally

Ex： He served two tours in Vietnam and remained on active duty until 1992, eventually rising to colonel.

especially： particularly

Ex： You have to be especially charismatic and inviting.

單字：

1. intentionally(adv.)：

-intentional(adj.)done with intention or on purpose

Ex：Other dope dealers have also, intentionally or inadvertently, achieved public prominence.

2. perceive(v.)：to become aware of, know, or identify by means of the senses

Ex：We must also look in the mirror and try to understand how our partners perceive us.

3. diminish(v.)：to make or cause to seem smaller, less, less important, etc.; lessen; reduce

Ex：He has done nothing to diminish the demands before the start of a professional career.

4. accumulate(v.)：to gather or collect,,

Ex：Protein fragments accumulate between nerve cells.

5. fate(n.)：something that unavoidably befalls a person

Ex：Anatomy at birth may influence many things, but it is not fate.

6. isolation(n.)：an act or instance of isolating

Ex：His late years would be less tumultuous, but at a price of personal isolation.

7. reject(v.)：to refuse to grant

Ex：But some curators reject putting up barriers between artwork and visitor.

8. quarters(n.)：housing or accommodation, esp as provided for military personnel and their families

Ex：The fire started from the servants' quarters.

9. faux(adj.)：artificial or imitation; fake

Ex：Encouraging faux fur over real fur helps us become a better and kinder nation.

10. ruin(n.)：the remains of a building, city, etc., that has been destroyed or that is in disrepair or a state of decay

Ex：The quake-and subsequent tsunami-destroyed thousands of buildings, trapping people in the ruins.

11. simultaneously(adv.)：existing, occurring, or operating at the same time; concurrent

Ex：When underwater, the animals pushed water past their gills while simultaneously pushing the glottis down.

12. wear off：to diminish slowly or gradually or to diminish in effect; disappear

Ex：The drink inside them had worn off, leaving only a sour taste in the stomach.

13. sculpture(n.)：the art of carving, modeling, welding, or otherwise producing figurative or abstract works of art in three dimensions, as in relief, intaglio, or in the round

Ex：It's the smallest three-dimensional sculpture ever made: a bull the size of a red blood cell.

14. dumbfound(v.)：to make speechless with amazement; astonish

Ex：However, I would have been dumbfounded and not asked good questions.

15. linguistic(adj.)：of or belonging to language

Ex：History often plays linguistic tricks on us, especially when it comes to rapidly changing technologies.

16. conflict(n.)：a fight, battle, or struggle, especially a prolonged struggle; strife

Ex：The results are surprisingly pleasing, given the potential for conflict among so many kinds of plants.

17. diagnosis(n.)：a determining or analysis of the cause or nature of a problem or situation

Ex：His doctors have given him a diagnosis of stress-related heart disease, but his producers couldn't care less.

18. grasp(v.)：to seize and hold by or as if by clasping with the fingers or arms;to get hold of mentally; comprehend; understand

Ex：In order to understand how this new technique works, it is important to grasp the basics of the human knee.

19. identify(v.)：to recognize or establish as being a particular person or thing

Ex：Although symptoms may differ, they often overlap, which can make it difficult to identify the organism by symptoms alone.

20. rub(v.)：to subject the surface of (a thing or person) to pressure and friction, as in cleaning, smoothing, polishing, coating, massaging, or soothing

Ex：Mating pairs will sometimes rub their bills together affectionately.

21. grin(v.)：to smile broadly, especially as an indication of pleasure, amusement

Ex：She grinned her appreciation of my help.

22. stir(v.)：to move one's hand or an implement continuously or repeatedly through (a liquid or other substance) in order to cool, mix, agitate, dissolve

Ex：Sometimes you have to get out there and stir things up to make real change.

23. sweep(v.)：to move or remove (dust, dirt, etc.) with or as if with a broom, brush, or the like

Ex：Do not sweep away those small operating-budget savings, because doing so only encourages everyone to spend down to zero.

24.texture(n.)：the visual and especially tactile quality of a surface

Ex：By detecting the change in this speckle, it is possible to chart the texture of the surface.

25. sympathetic(adj.)：characterized by, proceeding from, exhibiting, or feeling sympathy; sympathizing; compassionate

Ex：In all regions, commentators friendly to corporate power walloped her for harboring sympathetic views on labor unions.